Sports Nutrition Benefits of Gingerol----Part I Fat Oxidation----New trends in weight loss

As we all know, the key to losing fat is to create a calorie deficit. There are two main ways to create a calorie deficit. One is through diet. Eating low-carb, high-protein foods or medium-chain fatty acids that directly provide energy can prevent the problem of excessive fat intake and accumulation. The other is to regulate metabolism, accelerate the oxidation and decomposition of fat, and burn excess fat in the body to achieve the effect of fat loss. However, if you only control energy through diet to lose fat, you often end up with a single nutrition, a short duration of persistence, and rebound. In comparison, reducing fat by regulating fat oxidation is more scientific and effective.

The key to regulating fat oxidation is to increase the activity of key rate-limiting enzymes

1.Hormone-sensitive lipase(HSL)
The energy stored in stubborn fat is mainly in fatty acids. Hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) breaks down the lipid droplets of stubborn fat into long-chain fatty acids, which are then further oxidized and decomposed. In the lipolysis process, HSL is the first key rate-limiting enzyme for breaking down fat.
Entering the fatty acid oxidation stage, it is mainly divided into two pathways: mitochondrial β-oxidation and peroxisomal β-oxidation.

2.Carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT1)
Mitochondrial oxidation: Fatty acids produced by lipolysis combine with albumin to form very high-density lipoproteins, which are transported to tissues that need energy through the blood circulation. Long-chain fatty acids must first be catalyzed by carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT1) to form fatty acylcarnitine with carnitine, and then pass through the inner membrane of the mitochondrial membrane through the translocase (CACT) to undergo fat oxidation in the cell. The rate of fatty acid oxidation is determined by transport, and CPT1 is the rate-limiting enzyme in this process. Therefore, CPT1 is the second key rate-limiting enzyme for decomposing fat.

3.acyl-CoA oxidase , ACOX
Peroxisomal β-oxidation: In addition to mitochondria, about 25-50% of fatty acids in animal tissues are oxidized in peroxisomes. Unlike mitochondria, which mainly oxidize short-chain (≤C6) and medium-chain (C8-C20) straight-chain fatty acids, the substrates of peroxisomal β-oxidation mainly include very long chain fatty acids (VLCFA) (≥C22). Acyl-CoA oxidase (ACOX) is the key enzyme that catalyzes oxidation reactions in the peroxisomal β-oxidation system and is also the third key rate-limiting enzyme for decomposing fat.

L-carnitine, a well-known fat-reducing product on the market, has the function of increasing CPT activity and was once called a fat-reducing magic tool. However, in fact, the fat-reducing effect of L-carnitine is not ideal and there are side effects such as diarrhea. German scientists have verified through experiments that L-carnitine has no effect on the proportion of body composition when people are dieting. In the experiment, 40 overweight subjects took 3 grams of L-carnitine or 3 grams of placebo every day for three months. The subjects also had to follow a diet that significantly reduced calorie intake. After 12 weeks, there was no difference between the L-carnitine and placebo groups. With a large amount of scientific research and market feedback, the status of L-carnitine as a fat-reducing magic tool has been increasingly questioned by the industry. With continuous in-depth research, people have discovered an effective ingredient that promotes fat oxidation better than L-carnitine - gingerol

Gingerol Improves Fat Oxidation 2-6 Times Better Than L-carnitine

1.Increase hormone-sensitive lipase(HSL)
Benha University found that gingerol and L-carnitine can both increase the expression of HSL and promote lipolysis. The gingerol group increased the expression of HSL by 1.5 times that of L-carnitine.

2.Increase the expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase-I
Gingerol can increase the expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase-I by about 2 times that of L-carnitine, and its fat transport efficiency is higher than that of L-carnitine.

3.Increase acyl-CoA oxidase(ACOX/ACO)
Gingerol can increase the expression of acetyl-CoA oxidase, which is 6 times that of the L-carnitine group.

Effects of Gingerol
Gingerol's promoting effect on the three rate-limiting enzymes of fat oxidation is higher than that of L-carnitine, and it is an effective ingredient with significant fat-reducing effects.

Summary
1.The method of reducing fat by regulating fat oxidation is more scientific and effective;
2.The key point of regulating fat oxidation is to increase the activity of key rate-limiting  enzymes in fat oxidation such as HSL, CPT1 and ACOX;
3.The effect of gingerol in regulating various rate-limiting enzymes of fat oxidation is 2-6 times better than that of L-carnitine.