Alias: Pyrroloquinoline disodium salt;
PQQ;4,5-dihydro-4; 5-dioxo-1-hydropyrrolo(2,3-f)quinoline-2; 7,9-tricarboxylic acid
Specification: 98% Pyrroloquinoline disodium salt
Origin: Chemical synthesis
Advantages: High bioavailability;
Good thermal stability; Competitive price
Appearance: Red brown powder
Detection method: HPLC
CAS: 122628-50-6
Molecular Formula: C14H4N2Na2O8
Molecular Weight: 374.17g/mol
Chemical Formula:
Pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium salt (PQQ) is a redox cofactor and antioxidant that is essential to human health. It is an indispensable nutrient for human growth and is naturally present in many foods such as milk, eggs, spinach, etc. The world medical community calls it the "fourteenth vitamin" and it is known as the "super vitamin" in the United States. It is the most potent biologically active substance discovered by humans so far. It can stimulate the growth of human cells and enhance mitochondrial function. A trace amount of PQQ can improve the metabolism and growth function of biological tissues.
PQQ is a new type of water-soluble vitamin with good stability and is not easily decomposed. It can be used in a variety of foods and nutritional supplements. It is listed as a high-safety dietary supplement in the United States and the European Union.
1.Brain Health: Improved cognitive function
Fig. 1 Composite memory and verbal memory scores of the placebo and pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) groups. The blue bar indicates the placebo. The red bar indicates PQQ. (a) Composite memory scores increased significantly in the PQQ group after 12 weeks for all ages and old age. (b) Verbal memory scores increased significantly in the PQQ group after 12 weeks for all ages and old age. No significant change was observed in the young age group. *: P < 0.05.
Fig.2 Characteristic cognitive function scores for the Young group. The blue bar indicates the placebo. The red bar indicates PQQ; (a) indicates the cognitive flexibility scores. The scores increased significantly in the PQQ group after 8 and 12 weeks. (b) Scores for processing speed increased significantly in the PQQ group after 8 weeks. (c) Scores for executive speed increased in the PQQ group after 8 and 12 weeks. *: P < 0.05.
In all groups and the Old group, the cognitive function showed an improvement in score with the administration of PQQ and an overall significant difference in composite memory (P = 0.003) and verbal memory (P = 0.001) at 12 weeks. And there was a significant difference in cognitive flexibility, processing speed, and executive speed in the Young group at 8 weeks.
2.Relieve stress and fatigue
The results of the Profile of Mood States-Short Form revealed that all six measures of vigor, fatigue, tension-anxiety, depression, anger-hostility and confusion were significantly improved following PQQ administration compared with scores for those measures before administration of PQQ.
3.Improve sleep quality
The PSQI-J global score went down depending on the duration of PQQ ingestion, as did individual components such as sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration and daytime dysfunction.
4.Sports support
Supplementation of 20mg/d PQQ Combining with 6 weeks of endurance exercise appears to impact mitochondrial biogenesis by way of significant elevations in PGC-1a protein content.
5.Lower blood lipids
After taking 20mg/d PQQ for 12 weeks, the total cholesterol of the test subjects decreased by 19±18.8mg/dL, the low-density lipoprotein decreased by 20.0±16.2mg/dL, and the body fat decreased by 0.9±1.0%, indicating that PQQ has a significant lipid-lowering effect.
6.Antioxidant effect
There was a slight but significant decrease in TBAR values（which measure malondialdehyde generated from lipid hydroperoxides）over the time course , when PQQ was given in a single dose (0.2 mg PQQ/kg)). Further, individual values expressed as ΔTBAR values (0 hTBARvalue minus 48 hTBARvalue) were correlated with plasma Cmax values for PQQ . Clinical trials have shown that taking PQQ can increase the body's antioxidant levels.
7.Anti-inflammatory effects
The subjects were given 0.3 mg/kg/d for 3 days, and inflammatory markers in their blood and urinary metabolites related to energy metabolism were measured before and 72 hours after PQQ administration. The results showed that PQQ supplementation significantly reduced the levels of two inflammatory markers, plasma C-reactive protein and interleukin-6, and reduced the level of urinary trimethylamine oxide, suggesting that PQQ has anti-inflammatory and mitochondrial enhancement functions.
